Get to know two of the less common devices in fiber optic networks

Author: Hosecom Release time: 2024-04-26 07:22:03 View number: 1008

We all know that common equipment in optical fiber networks include ONUs, OLTs, etc. Today we will introduce several rare optical network equipment. Do you know them?

The first type: fiber optic transceiver

Optical fiber transceiver is a device used to convert photoelectric signals in a local area network. It can be divided into dual-fiber transceiver and single-fiber transceiver.

fiber optic transceiver

Dual-fiber transceiver: It uses two cores, one for sending and one for receiving. One end is for sending and the other end must be inserted into the receiving port, that is, the two ends must cross. The dual-fiber transceiver has a TX port (transmitting port) and an RX port (receiving port). Both ports transmit the same wavelength of 1310nm and receive the same wavelength of 1310nm, so two parallel optical fibers are used for cross-connection during wiring.
Single-fiber transceiver: A single-fiber transceiver must realize both the transmitting function and the receiving function. It uses wavelength division multiplexing technology to transmit two optical signals of different wavelengths in one optical fiber to achieve transmission and reception. Therefore, the single-mode single-fiber transceiver transmits through one core of optical fiber, so the transmitting and receiving light are transmitted through one optical fiber core at the same time. In this case, to achieve normal communication, two wavelengths of light must be used to distinguish. Therefore, the optical module of a single-mode single-fiber transceiver emits light at two wavelengths, generally 1310nm/1550nm and 1550nm/1310nm. In this way, there will be a difference between the two ends of a pair of transceivers. The transceiver at one end emits 1310nm. Receive 1550nm. The other end emits 1550nm and receives 1310nm. To make it easier for users to distinguish, letters are usually used instead. The A-end (1310nm/1550nm) and B-end (1550nm/1310nm) appear. Users must use AB pairing, and cannot connect AA or BB. Only single-fiber fiber optic transceivers are used on the AB side. Note that the fiber must be single-mode fiber.

The second type: optical transceiver

Optical transceiver is an optical fiber communication device that extends data transmission. It achieves the purpose of long-distance transmission through signal modulation, photoelectric conversion and other technologies. Optical transceivers are generally used in pairs and are divided into transmitters and receivers. The transmitter completes the conversion of electrical to optical signals and transmits the optical signals for optical fiber transmission; the receiver restores the optical signals received from the optical fibers to electrical signals and completes the optical to electrical conversion. The entire transmission system consists of three parts: light source (emitting end), transmission medium, and detector (receiving end).

optical transceiver

The role of the optical transceiver is mainly reflected in two aspects:

Multiple E1 signals can be converted into optical signals at the same time and then transmitted out. E1 signal refers to a data transmission standard, which is mostly used in China and European countries. The optical transceiver can transmit up to 4032 E1 signals at the same time, and at least 4.
Optical transceivers can be used in transmission equipment of optical communication systems to convert photoelectricity and transmit it out. This function is particularly widely used in life and is often found in many industries such as monitoring, electric power, telecommunications, and video transmission. It provides our Make a huge contribution to life.

The working principle of optical transceiver:

The digital optical transceiver digitizes the image, voice and data signals to be transmitted, and then multiplexes these digital signals to convert multiple low-speed digital signals into one high-speed signal, and converts this signal into an optical signal. At the receiving end, the optical signal is restored into an electrical signal, the restored high-speed signal is decomposed into the original multi-channel low-speed signal, and finally these data signals are restored into image, voice and data signals. The analog optical transceiver modulates the amplitude or frequency of the signal to be transmitted and then converts the modulated electrical signal into an optical signal. At the receiving end, the optical signal is restored to an electrical signal, and then the signal is demodulated to restore an image, voice or data signal.

There are many, many more devices in fiber optic networks, which we will introduce in the next article.

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